At present, abrasive belt grinding technology has been widely used in precision machining of various types of disordered surface parts, and has played its advantages of good surface quality, high dimensional accuracy, and high data removal rate. However, due to the chaotic shape of this type of surface and the inherent defects of the abrasive belt grinding mechanism, there are still the following technical difficulties in abrasive belt grinding of chaotic surface:


(1) The difficulty of process planning is high. In the mainstream machining process of disordered surfaces, abrasive belt grinding belongs to precision grinding, while semi precision machining is usually completed by milling technology. Due to the disordered shape of the profile, small curvature radii in some areas, and high cutting force between the tool and the workpiece during the milling process, as well as high cutting temperature, it is easy to experience severe deformation of the profile after semi precision milling and inconsistent residual heights in various regions, which greatly increases the difficulty of developing subsequent sand belt grinding processes and makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the final formed dimensions.


(2) Grinding pressure is difficult to control. During the grinding and polishing process of the disordered surface, it is necessary to ensure local adhesion between the sand belt and the workpiece. Due to the poor rigidity of the contact wheel in the abrasive belt grinding system, unlike milling and turning, abrasive belt grinding belongs to a flexible processing method. Under the action of grinding force, the contact wheel is prone to significant elastic deformation, resulting in changes in the contact area and grinding pressure between the workpiece and the abrasive belt, which in turn leads to abnormal adhesion between the two, reducing machining efficiency and accuracy.


(3) It is difficult to ensure consistency in accuracy and surface quality. In recent years, all bladed discs and all propellers have respectively accounted for a large proportion in aviation engines and marine engines. Compared with traditional assembly structures, this type of all in one structure uses all in one machining process, avoiding the processing and assembly of tenons and grooves, and playing a role in reducing weight, improving service life and reliability, and improving engine inductive performance. According to the "Wood Barrel Law", the working performance and lifespan of all bladed discs depend on the blades with the worst surface accuracy and quality. Therefore, improving the consistency of surface accuracy and quality has a significant impact on the performance and lifespan of all bladed discs. However, the disorder of the blade profile and the current processing methods make it difficult to ensure this consistency.


In recent years, domestic and foreign enterprises and researchers have conducted a large amount of research on the technical difficulties in the process of abrasive belt grinding of disordered surfaces. Significant progress has been made in the development of multi-axis abrasive belt grinding equipment, robot abrasive belt grinding technology, and abrasive belt grinding technology for all blade discs, breaking through the limitations of low freedom and difficult control of grinding force in traditional abrasive belt grinding of disordered surfaces, The grinding quality and efficiency have been greatly improved.